Construction Equipment’s and Machineries

Construction Equipment’s and Machineries plays a crucial role in the success of construction projects. They play a vital role in the construction industry where business objectives are strictly time and margin driven. Heavy construction equipment is used for various purposes in large projects. The selection of different types of heavy equipment depends on the size of the work and the economy of the project. These make the construction process easier and faster.

Modern construction equipment’s and machineries are very swift and reliable with high-quality control measures embedded into them as they have evolved over the years. Proper utilization of this equipment helps in the economy, quality, safety, speed and timely completion of the project. It optimizes the usage of material, manpower, finance, and the shortage of skilled and efficient labour and at the same time keeps a direct check on the quality measures that are being used.

There are different types of construction equipment’s and machineries but the commonly used ones are as follows:

1. Dumpy Level

A dumpy level is a commonly used levelling instrument to locate the points in the same horizontal plane. It is also called an automatic level or builder’s level. The dumpy level is an optical surveying levelling instrument consisting of a telescope tube firmly secured in two collars fixed by adjusting screws to the stage by the vertical spindle.

The telescope of dumpy level can rotate only in a horizontal plane. Relative elevation of different points of surveying land is determined with a dumpy level. The dumpy level is mainly used in surveying for the following purposes:

• To determine the relative height and distance among different locations of surveying land.

The dumpy level should be on the lists of important construction equipment’s and machineries.

2. Theodolite

The theodolite is one of the most commonly used construction equipment’s and machineries. A theodolite is a precision optical instrument for measuring angles between designated visible points in the horizontal and vertical planes. The traditional use has been for land surveying, but it is also used extensively for building and infrastructure construction, and some specialized applications such as meteorology and rocket launching.

The theodolite consists of a moveable telescope mounted so it can rotate around horizontal and vertical axes and provide angular readouts. These indicate the orientation of the telescope and are used to relate the first point sighted through the telescope to subsequent sightings of other points from the same theodolite position.

These angles can be measured with accuracies down to micro-radians or seconds of arc. From these readings, a plan can be drawn, or objects can be positioned following an existing plan. The modern theodolite has evolved into what is known as a total station where angles and distances are measured electronically, and are read directly to computer memory.

3. Demolition Jackhammer

A jackhammer is a pneumatic or electro-mechanical tool that combines a hammer directly with a chisel. It is a construction equipment’s and machineries invented by William McReavy, who then sold the patent to Charles Brady King. Hand-held jackhammers are generally powered by compressed air, but some are also powered by electric motors. Larger jackhammers, such as rig-mounted hammers used on construction machinery, are usually hydraulically powered. These tools are typically used to break up rock, pavement, and concrete.

4. Angle Grinder

An angle grinder, also known as a side grinder or disc grinder, is a handheld power tool used for grinding (abrasive cutting) and polishing. It is among the most commonly used construction equipment’s and machineries. Although developed originally as tools for rigid abrasive discs, the availability of an interchangeable power source has encouraged their use with a wide variety of cutters and attachments.

5. Water Pump

A water pump is a machine that pumps water from the source to the destination. Modern water pumps are used worldwide to supply water for agricultural, municipal, industrial, and residential applications. Water pumps are also utilized to transfer wastewater in sewage processing plants. Recent water pumps most often are operated by electricity, but other energy sources are also used—for instance, gasoline or diesel engines. In some remote regions, such as desert areas, solar panels may be employed to supply electricity to small pumps. It should be on the lists of construction equipment’s and machineries.

6. Portable Welder Generator

Have you imagined a situation, you have a project to work on steel but you are away from the power supply? How will you weld now, staying away from the electric power? Such situations need equipment that does not need external electric power. An Engine Driven Welder Generator is an answer to these circumstances.

These miraculous machines are designed, drafted with heavy-duty cycles, and can run arc welders. These welder generator combos are used to provide auxiliary power to drive the angle grinder, overhead light, fan, and plasma cutter and run welding power sources as well. They are amongst the important construction equipment’s and machineries in construction.

These types of equipment are very popular among auto body repair, farmers, seashore jobs, and DIY enthusiasts.

Applications

• Fabrication
• Seashore project
• Maintenance
• Railroad
• Construction
• Distant projects
• Pipeline

7. Water Sprinkler truck

On the lists of construction equipment’s and machineries is the Water Truck. The Water trucks are also known as sprinkler trucks, watering trucks, sprinkling trucks and water carts. It is a suitable for road washing, watering trees, green belts and lawns, and high-altitude building flushing in road and construction industries. This heavy truck possesses water sprinkling, pesticide spraying and fence flushing functions. It is equipped with front flushing, back sprinkling and side spraying configurations.

A water truck is also installed with a sprinkling platform and self-priming pump. Sprinkler trucks use the engine to drive gearboxes, and then to push the power take-off on the gearbox to drive the sprinkler pump. Once the sprinkler pump generates power, the liquid inside the tank will be sprayed out through the pipe network.

8. Truck Mounted Asphalt Distributor

Amongst the construction equipment’s and machineries worth mentioning is the Truck mounted Asphalt distributor. An asphalt distributor is a truck-mounted, insulated tank, with numerous special-purpose attachments built for professionals and is designed to spray liquid asphalt or other emulsions up to 200°F. Usually, it is mounted on a truck chassis which makes it easy to spray while moving. Asphalt distributors can be potentially dangerous as they are made to heat up and disperse materials up to 400° F.

Asphalt distributors are an essential element in most road-building processes. These trucks are used to spray a thin layer of asphalt to form a bonding surface in advance of hot mix overlays, known as the tacking coat. The distributors are made up of an asphalt pumping system, a heating system that is used to keep the asphalt in a liquid state, and a spraying system at the rear of the vehicle. The insulated tank of the vehicle can vary in size from as little as 1,000 gallons to as large as 4,500 gallons.

9. Mobile concrete mixer

A mobile concrete mixer machine can mix cement, aggregate, and water to make concrete. A typical concrete mixer uses a revolving drum to mix the components. Its advantage is that it can move because it is equipped with tyres. Compared with the way to use a concrete mixer delivered by a concrete mixer truck, mobile mixers can minimize waste, and save money and labour. They are used for general construction sites, roads, bridges and small concrete plants. They are a good choice for small-scale construction. The mobile mixer is one of the most used construction equipment’s and machineries.

10. Electric Wire Rope Hoist

The electric wire rope hoist is the most widely-used product anywhere people want to lift to 80 tons. It also helps in transporting construction equipment’s and machineries with lesser weight at a building site. The electric wire rope hoist is suitable for a wide range of lifting applications in workshops, storage areas, factories and building sites. Due to its lightweight design, it is perfect when quick and easy installation is needed. The compact wire rope hoists are designed with a rigid frame, are light in weight and have many features such as 240 Volt single-phase operations, waterproof pendant control with 10m cable, fail-safe electromagnetic disc brake, top and bottom safety hooks and automatic upper limit switch.

11. Electric Table Saw Machine

In naming construction equipment’s and machineries, a table saw is a must mention. A table saw also known as a saw-bench or bench saw in England is a woodworking tool, consisting of a circular saw blade, mounted on an arbour, that is driven by an electric motor (either directly, by belt, or by gears). The blade protrudes through the top of a table, which provides support for the material, usually wood, being cut.

In most modern table saws, the depth of the cut is varied by moving the blade up and down: the higher the blade protrudes above the table, the deeper the cut that is made in the material. In some early table saws, the blade and arbour were fixed, and the table was moved up and down to expose more or less of the blade. The angle of the cut is controlled by adjusting the angle of the blade. Some earlier saws angled the table to control the cut angle.

12. Truck-mounted concrete pump

One of the most commonly used construction equipment’s and machineries on most construction sites is the truck-mounted concrete pump. It is a machine that combines pumping to transport liquid concrete. Concrete pumping is the most precise method of pouring concrete that consistently produces high-quality results.

Boom pumps are preferred on the majority of large construction projects due to their great volume capability and the labour-saving nature of the placement boom. The truck mounted pump can pour large volumes of concrete very quickly. The result is a faster accurate pour.

13. Truck-Mounted Crane

Truck-mounted crane and truck loader crane which has a crane either at the rear or just behind the cab is used to load and unload goods from the truck’s deck. Truck-mounted cranes can carry construction equipment’s and machineries on the road with a gross weight of 38 t. If lower axle loads are required, gross weights of 32 t or 33 t are also possible, depending on the chassis. Truck-mounted crane makes loading and unloading safe and efficient.

14. Concrete Vibrator

Concrete vibrators also referred to as needle vibrators, internal vibrators, immersion vibrators, and poker vibrator is a machines used for construction purposes in civil projects. Its importance as a piece of construction equipment’s and machineries cannot be over-emphasized. A concrete vibrator ensures a freshly made concrete object is strong from the inside by removing the air bubbles that could otherwise make it weak.

The concrete vibrator helps in mixing concrete without any air pockets or bubbles. And because of vibration, any excess water will be eliminated, resulting in a smooth neat concrete job. Concrete Vibrators come in a variety of shapes and sizes. Some Concrete Vibrators are smaller, more efficient, and battery-powered.

15. Road Reclaimer

A solid piece of construction equipment’s and machineries is the Road Reclaimer. When roads start to degrade, it is common for potholes, ruts, and cracks to form. Sometimes the response is to fill the potholes and seal the cracks, or perhaps cover the entire surface with a thin overlay of asphalt. While those actions may appear to solve the cosmetic issues, they do not address the root cause of the cracks, ruts, and potholes – a failing or deficient base. 

Asphalt Reclamation, also known as Road Reclamation and Full Depth Reclamation (FDR), is a cost-effective method of pavement rehabilitation using a Road Reclaimer machine. During FDR the full thickness of the asphalt surface and a portion of the underlying base is uniformly pulverized and graded to serve as the base for a new road. Additives such as cement or asphalt emulsion are often incorporated to increase strength. The process yields an improved base layer with improved structural capacity that can support the new road surface.

16. Excavators

The excavator had been termed as the most commonly used amongst construction equipment’s and machineries. Excavators are large machinery that can be driven on wheels or tracks, but tracks are more standard for such large machinery. An excavator has a long arm with a digging bucket attached to a pivoting cab that can rotate 360 degrees. The long arm with a digging bucket is operated off the cab with a high vision facility. The ability of the cabin to rotate 360 degrees eases the operation of this machine. Excavators are important and are widely used equipment in the construction industry.

The most common uses for an excavator include:

Excavating trenches, dugouts, and foundations, heavy lifting, Pipe installation, demolition, river dredging, cutting of trees, Material handling, Rough grading, Mining, etc

Types of Excavators:

• Compact excavator
• Crawler excavator
• Wheeled excavators
• Dragline excavator
• Bucket wheel excavator
• Long reach excavator

17. Backhoe Loaders

Backhoe has widely used equipment which is suitable for multiple purposes of construction work. The name itself informs us that there is a hoe arrangement provided on the back side of the machine while the loading bucket is provided in the front. This machine is in a medium-sized construction equipment’s and machineries.

The backhoe loader is well useful for excavating trenches below the machine level and using a front bucket for loading, unloading and lifting materials. It is capable of working in a limited space, and it can perform various operations like moving dirt, backfill excavations, digging holes and trenches, and placing pipes and other materials. The bucket in the back can be changed to dig trenches of different widths.

18. Bulldozers

A bulldozer is a powerful and extremely heavy soil excavating equipment which is used to remove dirt or the topsoil layer of a place up to a particular depth. The removal of soil is done by the sharp-edged wide metal plate provided at its front. The blade can move in a limited range of angles and depths and can be lowered and rose using two hydraulic pistons. These are widely used for the removal of weak soil or rock strata, lifting of soil etc. Bulldozers comes in different sizes; D1, D2. D3, D4, D5, D6, D7, D8, etc.

The bulldozer has a special place in the lists of construction equipment’s and machineries.

19. Motor Graders

Motor Graders also called Graders are another type of construction equipment’s and machineries used in construction, especially for the construction of roads. Motor graders are typically used to fine-grade dirt or gravel roads or to prepare the road base course. Graders can also be used to create sloped surfaces or drainage ditches with shallow V-shaped cross-sections. It is mainly used to level the soil surface.

Graders contains a horizontal blade in between the front and rear wheels and this blade is lowered into the ground while working. The operating cabin is provided on the top of the rear axle arrangement. Motor Graders are also used to remove snow or dirt from the roads, flatten the surface of the soil before laying the asphalt layer, remove unnecessary soil layers from the ground etc.

20. Loaders

Loaders are used in a construction site to load the material onto dumpers, trucks etc. The materials may be excavated soil, demolition waste, raw materials, etc. A loader contains a largely sized bucket at its front with a shorter moving arm. The loader may be either tracked or wheeled. Wheeled loaders are widely used in sites while tracked or crawled loaders are used in sites where wheeled vehicles cannot reach.

Loaders are very important piece of construction equipment’s and machineries in any construction site.

21. Tower Cranes

Another very important list of construction equipment’s and machineries is the Tower Cranes. They are fixed cranes which are used for hoisting purposes in the construction of tall structures. Heavy materials like pre-stressed concrete blocks, steel trusses, frames etc. can be easily lifted to the required height using this type of equipment. They are made up of masts which is the vertical supporting tower, Jib which is the operating arm of the crane, a counter jib which is the other arm that carries a counterweight on the rear side of the crane and an operator cabin from which the crane can be operated. Liebherr is the world’s largest supplier of tower cranes.

22. Paver

A paver or Asphalt paver is pavement-laying equipment is amongst the list of important construction equipment’s and machineries which is used in road construction. Paver contains a feeding bucket in which asphalt is continuously loaded by the dump truck and the paver distributes the asphalt evenly on the road surface with slight compaction. However, a roller is required after laying the asphalt layer for perfect compaction.

23. Compactors

Compactors or Rollers as parts of a construction equipment’s and machineries are used to compact the material or the earth’s surface. Different types of compactors are available for different compacting purposes. Smooth wheel rollers are used for compacting shallow layers of soil or asphalt etc. sheep-foot rollers are used for deep compaction purposes. Pneumatic tyred rollers are used for compacting fine-grained soils, asphalt layers etc.

24. Telehandlers

Telehandlers are hoisting equipment used in construction to lift heavy materials to the required height or to provide a construction platform for workers at greater heights etc. It contains a long telescopic boom which can be raised or lowered or forwarded. Different types of arrangements like forklifts, buckets, cabins, lifting jibs etc. can be attached to the end of telescopic boom based on the requirement of the job. The telehandler is a must have amongst construction equipment’s and machineries.

25. Dump Trucks

Dump trucks are used in construction sites to carry the material in larger quantities from one site to another site or the dump yard. Dump trucks are needed on every large job site. These trucks offer limited function but perform the all-important task of transferring and dumping many types of heavy material. It is one of the most important and most busy amongst construction equipment’s and machineries.

Generally, in big construction sites, off-road dump trucks are used. These off-road dump trucks contain large wheels with huge space for materials which enables them to carry a huge quantity of material in any type of ground conditions. They are also road-ready, so they can bring material into or out of the site and can travel anywhere. Dump trucks come in many different sizes for different capacities and load needs, ranging from small utility-type trucks to enormous machines used in mining operations.

26. Pile Boring Equipment

Another construction equipment’s and machineries worth mentioning are the Pile boring equipment. It is used to make bore holes in the construction site to install precast piles or pile foundation construction. This equipment lifts the pile and holds it in the proper position and drives into the ground up to the required depth. Different types of pile-driving equipment are available namely, piling rigs, piling hammers, hammer guides etc. in any case the pile is driven into the ground by hammering the pile top which is done hydraulically or by dropping.

27. Self Loading Concrete Mixer

A self-loading concrete mixer truck is a kind of high-working efficiency machine which can produce and transport concrete on site by itself. Self-Loading Concrete Mixers reduce labour and time in various construction sites. A Single Operator can weigh and load the exact required amount of cement, sand and aggregates from different locations, and mix the concrete while in transit to the preferred work location, all done within no time. It integrates the functions of feeding, mixing, moving and unloading automatically.

This truck is a ‘must have’ on the lists of construction equipment’s and machineries.

28. Low-bed Trailer

A low-bed trailer which is also known as a low loader can carry heavy construction equipment’s and machineries such as, Combine harvester, Helicopter, Yacht, Excavator, Wheel Loader, Telehandler, Forklift, Mobile Crusher, Oil Drilling Machines, Drilling Machines, dozers, construction machines, transformers, generators and different kinds of machines. Low-beds is produced between 2 to 10 axle and 20 Tons to 120 Tons with different kind of specification according to customer’s demand. It comes with a Self-steering axle, forced steering, hydraulic auto remote control axles, low chassis of 20 cm, and a hydraulic or pneumatic ramp.

29. Plate compactor

An important construction equipment’s and machineries are the compactors. In construction projects that require stable subsurface, plate compactors are used to compact some types of soil and gravel. A plate compactor is a most commonly used equipment for small compaction jobs. They can also easily be rented. They can be either electric or gasoline-powered.

A plate compactor can be used to compact asphalt and sub-base on driveways and parking lots, as well as to repair them. They are useful in tight spaces that a larger roller might not be able to reach. They also have a place amongst construction equipment’s and machineries.

Compactors are categorized into three main categories:

• Single-plate compactors
• Reversible compactors
• High-performance/heavy-duty compactors

A contractor must decide which of these to use depending on the job’s size and type.

30. Concrete Batching Plant

A concrete batching plant also known as a batch plant or batching plant or a concrete plant are used for the manufacturing of high-quality concrete in a variety of construction applications, like buildings, roads, bridges, airports and many others. This construction equipment’s and machineries mixes with various ingredients that makes up the concrete, this includes; water, air, fly ash, cement, aggregate (rocks, gravel, etc.), admixtures, silica fume, slag, and sand. Batching of concrete could be done by both weight batching and volume batching.

31. Concrete Mixing Truck

Another powerful construction equipment’s and machineries are the concrete mixer truck. A typical concrete mixing truck also called an agitator truck, cement truck or transit mixer is a 12-wheel truck that delivers either dry or wet materials, or pre-mixed solution, and can mix and transport concrete to construction sites. They can be charged with dry materials and water, with the mixing occurring during transport. They can also be loaded from a “central mix” i. e. batching plant where the materials has already been mixed prior to loading.  They are definitely worth mentioning amongst the lists of construction equipment’s and machineries.

I hope you have gained some great value from this post “31 Powerful Construction Equipment’s and Machineries”. Don’t forget to share with others and to like and follow us on Facebook. You may also use the comment section to air your views or add to the existing lists.

You may also wish to read MORE Pure blogs – HERE

Consult us for your drawings and construction services.

For more details, please call: +234 814 850 1474, +234 803 488 2613.